Geminis by James Zee

Font's "training period"

Alfonso Font studied fine arts before beginning his comics career in 1962 at Bruguera,11Juan Bruguera set up El Gato Negro (The Black Cat) in 1910, specialising in serialised novels, joke books and popular...   Toray22Barcelona publisher Ediciones Toray was established 1945, producing comics and books through into the 1990s. Toray published Johnny Galaxia...   and Bardon Art.33Bardon Art was formed at the suggestion of Jorge Macabich (then working for the Belgian agency A.L.I.) to Fleetway editor...   Like many Spanish artists of the time, he anonymously produced one-off war, crime, horror and western stories for these companies.

Font gained some international recognition through Black Max for Fleetway in the UK (1970-1972),44"Black Max" is German WWI flying ace Baron Maximilien von Klor, who trained giant bats to attack British planes, routinely...   which he took over while at Bardon Art. Through Selecciones Ilustradas, he accessed the US market with short horror stories for Skywald55The stories in Skywald publications are credited to "Alphonso Font": "William Wilson" in Nightmare 19, June 1974, "Uncle Ed’s...   and Marvel66"Shadow In the City of Light" from Dracula Lives 3, October 1973 and "The Scrimshaw Serpent" in Monsters...   in 1973/74.

Based on the art style, Font's only story for Warren—"Alica" in Vampirella 102 (Warren, US)—is from this period, despite the January 1982 publication date.77As with Skywald, this story is also credited to "Alphonso Font"....  

Font is negative about this early work, suggesting that it is a comfort to his professional and personal dignity that it is generally unknown. Reflecting on this period, he said:

"I spent years studying drawing and painting, but wanted to be a comics artist and there was no school for it then. So, like others, I was self-taught. The first years were not constant, but a learning exercise. Then came the need to produce my own work and take responsibility for drawing and also the script."88From an interview dated December 2008-January 2009 at www.tebeosfera.com....  

 

While US publishers such as Warren paid well, it was the opportunity to express themselves as artists that attracted Spanish creators. The conservative UK comics provided a training ground in straightforward storytelling, but the US allowed freedom for expression and experimentation, at a time when the Spaniards were seeking to seize full creative control of their work.

Font's work on Geminis—which is his only syndicated work for Selecciones Ilustradas and his last work for the agency—reflects his growing frustration and artistic ambition.

Toutain arranged with Echevarría and Font that they would complete one 20 page episode each month, while Toutain managed selling the series to various countries.

Font found the pace formidable and the series left him exhausted. He was also jaded by working on a character he did not like—a "hero" who resorted to torture and murder to solve problems.99See www.tebeosfera.com: a profile of Geminis and the 2008/09 interview, "Las fronteras de la aventura"....  

References

Juan Bruguera set up El Gato Negro (The Black Cat) in 1910, specialising in serialised novels, joke books and popular biographies. In 1921 the company created the weekly Pulgarcito ("Tom Thumb") with comic strips, stories and puzzles. Renamed Editorial Bruguera in 1939, it became a cultural icon based on a biting, distinctivley Spanish humour. The company also published some adventure series, including Spain's most iconic hero El Capitán Trueno, scripted by Victor Mora (see Sunday). Famous Bruguera artists include José Peñarroya, Manuel Vázquez, Francisco Ibáñez, Josep Escobar and Roberto Segura. Bruguera was reportedly the largest publisher of comics within Spain in the 1960s and 1970s, using its own printing presses and distribution company to maintain dominance. It disappeared in 1986 when it was acquired by Grupo ZETA, but was reestablished as an imprint in 2006. (See es.wikipedia.org and seronoser.free.fr.
Barcelona publisher Ediciones Toray was established 1945, producing comics and books through into the 1990s. Toray published Johnny Galaxia in Fulgor (1960-1962). Font worked on western series Hazañas del Oeste, Brigada Secreta and Sioux. (See www.tebeosfera.com).
Bardon Art was formed at the suggestion of Jorge Macabich (then working for the Belgian agency A.L.I.) to Fleetway editor Barry Coker that they set up an agency together. It was formed with offices in Barcelona and London (the name is based on Barcelona–london), focused particularly on the UK market. Many artists swapped between Selecciones Ilustradas and Bardon. The Warren Companion reports, "...their lineup of artists was far from stable with artists swapping agencies in pursuit of ever-more favorable terms and agencies constantly stealing the top talent from each other. Events had grown so serious by the late '70s, that the top three Spanish agencies—S.I., Bardon, and Creationes—held a summit meeting to calm things down and eventually traded off artists between themselves to create more stable lineups." (p 258, Ed David A. Roach & Joh B. Cooke Raleigh, The Warren Companion, North Carolina: Twomorrows publishing)
"Black Max" is German WWI flying ace Baron Maximilien von Klor, who trained giant bats to attack British planes, routinely battles English Royal Flying Corps pilot Lieutenant Tim Wilson. Created by Ken Mennell, the series debuted on 17 October 1970 in IPC's short-lived Thunder comic. The first episode was drawn by Eric Bradbury, with subsequent art by Font. The series ended in Lion on 21 October 1972. (Page 29, 500 Comicbook Villains by Mike Conroy, London: Chrysalis Books Group.) See also www.internationalhero.co.uk.
The stories in Skywald publications are credited to "Alphonso Font": "William Wilson" in Nightmare 19, June 1974, "Uncle Ed’s Grave" in Psycho 18, May 1974, "The Yeti " in Psycho 19, July 1974, "Get Up And Die Again" in Scream 5, April 1974 and "Ms. Found In A Bottle" in Scream 6, June 1974.
"Shadow In the City of Light" from Dracula Lives 3, October 1973 and "The Scrimshaw Serpent" in Monsters Unleashed 6, June 1974.
As with Skywald, this story is also credited to "Alphonso Font".
From an interview dated December 2008-January 2009 at www.tebeosfera.com.